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Objective To investigate the effect of anti-inlammation and antiulcer in rats of Erkou powder and Erkou film.Methods The rats were divided into six groups according to random number table:control group,Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder low dose group,Erkou powder high dose group,Erkou film low dose group and Erkou film high dose group,each with 12.Guilin watermelon frost group was given 0.7 g/kg,Ekou powder low dose group and high dose group were respectively given 14.56,29.12 mg/kg,Erkou film low dose group and high dose group were given 19.25,38.5 mg/kg by intragastric administration.Control group was given the same volume of normal sodium by intragastric administration.To observe the inhibitory actions of paw edema induced by carrageenan of big rats,the increase of abdominal cavity capillary permeability in rats due to acetic acid and effect of oral ulcer healing on aceti acid-cautery type oral ulcer rats.Results Compared with the control group,1 h and 3 h after injection of 1％ carrageenan,the paw edema of rats were significantly reduced in Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder high dose group and Erkou film high dose group (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the absorbance (0.62 ± 0.08,0.62 ± 0.17,0.64 ± 0.15 vs.0.82 ± 0.24) of peritoneal lavage fluid in Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder high dose group and Erkou film high dose group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the diameter of ulcer area (3.16 ± 0.68 mm,3.12 ± 0.45 mm,3.22 ± 0.59 mm,3.23 ± 0.70 mm vs.3.90 ± 0.72 mm) of rat in Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder low dose group,Erkou powder high dose group and Erkou film high dose group were significantly decreased (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05) in the third day.Compared with the control group,the diameter of ulcer area (1.93 ± 0.49 mm,1.39 ± 0.42 mm,2.01 ± 0.45 mm,1.98 ± 0.61 mm vs.2.69 ± 0.74 mm) of rat in Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder low dose group,Erkou powder high dose group and Erkou film high dose group were significantly decreased (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05) in the fifth day.Compared with the control group,the healing time of oral ulcer (7.20 ± 0.67 d,6.64 ± 0.67 d,7.27 ± 0.90 d,7.27 ± 0.90 d vs.8.37 ± 1.12 d) of rat in Guilin watermelon frost group,Erkou powder low dose group,Erkou powder high dose group and Erkou film high dose group were significantly shortened.Conclusions Both Erkou plastics and Erkou powder have the effects of resisting inflammation and promoting the healing of oral ulcers.
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Objective To detect the best phase and best tube voltage for the diagnosis of small (diameter ≤ 3 cm) clear cell renal cell carcinoma with dual-energy dual-phase CT.Methods Image manifestations of 27 patients with small (diameter ≤ 3 cm) ccRCCs confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.All subjects underwent dual-energy biphase (early corticomedullary and delayed phase) scan preoperatively.Two senior radiologists analyzed the images in consensus.The definition of images in different phases and with different tube voltage was classified into 4 levels and was compared by Wilcoxon and Friedman test.The attenuation of the lesions and the adjacent renal parenchyma,the SD value of the anterior abdomen fat were measured.The contrast noise ratio (CNR),lesion kidney ratio (LKR) and the early corticomedullary phase and delayed phase value were calculated.They were all compared with oneway ANOVA.Results The score of definition of lesions in early corticomedullary phase at 80 kV,140 kV and average-weighted 120 kV were 3.30 ± 0.87,2.81 ± 0.92 and 3.11 ± 0.85,respectively,which in delayed phase were 3.70 ±0.54,3.30 ±0.82 and 3.52 ±0.64,respectively.Definition of lesions was better in delayed phase than that in early corticomedullary phase (Z =-2.296,-2.446 and-2.392,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).Either in early corticomedullary phase or in delayed phase,CT value,noise value and CNR were the highest on 80 kV images,which were(302 ± 80)HU,(16.2 ± 2.2) and (4.1 ± 3.4) in corticomedullary phase and (152 ± 31) HU,(16.4 ± 2.7) HU,and (4.7 ± 1.7) in delayed phase.The change of lesion attenuation between early corticomedullary phase and delayed phase on 80 kV,140 kV and averageweighted 120 kV images were (150 ± 76),(72 ± 33) and (96 ± 46) HU,respectively.There was significant difference among the three groups (F =4.541,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Delayed phase scan is in favor of small clear cell renal cell carcinoma display.80 kV images are the best for detecting and qualitation of small clear cell renal cell carcinoma when compared with 140 kV and the average-weighted 120 kV images.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of the SREBP2 on inflammatory cytokine-induced cholesterol accumulation in HepG2 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Short-hairpin (sh)RNA targeting SREBP2 or negative control (NC) shRNA were transfected into HepG2 cells by a liposomal method. G418-selective culturing was used to obtain the SREBP2 shRNA HepG2 and NC shRNA HepG2 cell lines. The two cell lines were cultured in serum-free medium and left untreated (control) or treated with TNF-a (20 ng/ml), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) loading (100 mug/ml), or a combination LDL plus TNF-a treatment. Lipid accumulation was evaluated by oil red O (ORO) staining. Intracellular cholesterol level was measured by enzymatic assay. The mRNA and protein levels of SREBP2 and its downstream target genes, LDL receptor (LDLr), and HMGCoA reductase, were measured by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SREBP2 shRNA HepG2 and NC shRNA HepG2 stable cell lines were successfully established. ORO staining and cholesterol quantitative analysis showed that LDL loading significantly increased intracellular cholesterol and that expression of SREBP2 further exacerbated the inflammatory cytokine-induced lipid accumulation, as seen in NC shRNA HepG2 cells. LDL loading of NC shRNA HepG2 decreased the gene and protein expressions of SREBP2, LDLr, and HMGCoA reductase, but the suppressive effect was overridden by inflammatory cytokine. SREBP2 shRNA HepG2 cells showed lower levels of cholesterol accumulation under LDL loading and inflammatory stress conditions. Moreover, the mRNA and protein levels of SREBP2, LDLr, and HMGCoA reductase were much lower than in NC shRNA HepG2 cells under the same conditions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Inflammatory cytokine exacerbated cholesterol accumulation in HepG2 via disrupting SREBP2. RNAi-mediated inhibition of SREBP2 expression significantly ameliorated the cholesterol accumulation induced by inflammatory cytokine.</p>
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Humans , Cholesterol , Metabolism , Hep G2 Cells , Inflammation , RNA Interference , RNA, Small Interfering , Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2 , Genetics , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , PharmacologyABSTRACT
@#Objective To assess the effects of Rehmannia and Storesin (RS) on peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors (PBRs) in early hepatic encephalopathy (HE) rats. Methods CCl4 was used to induce the HE model. The benzodiazepine binding sites of PBRs in rats cortex were studied using the specific ligands [3] PK11195. Lactulose was used in the positive medicine group, and the treatment groups received different dosages of RS. Results The specific binding and the Bmax value of [3] PK11195 both significantly increased in the model group than in the control group (P<0.01). The specific binding decreased in the medium dosage group and the high dosage group than in the model group (P<0.05), and the Bmax value of [3] PK11195RS-H decreased in the high dosage group than in the model group (P<0.01). Conclusion Rehmannia and Storesin is effective on early HE rats by decreasing the specific binding of PBRs, which could reduce the neural injury.
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@# Objective To investigate the effects of Rehmannia and Storesin (RS) on early hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in rat model.Methods HE rat model was induced by CCl4 intragastric administration. The effects of RS on serum nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) as well as hippocampal tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) level of animals were evaluated in 3 dose groups. Lactulose was usedas the positive group. Results The serum NO and NOS as well as hippocampal TNF-α level of the model rats were significantly increasedcompared with that in control animals (P<0.01). The RS high dosage treatment could significantly decrease the levels of those indexes (P<0.01). Conclusion Rehmannia and Storesin is effective on early HE by decreasing the level of serum NO and NOS as well as hippocampalTNF-α.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Randomized, controlled trials have demonstrated the superiority of sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), as opposed to bare-metal stents, in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aimed to test the hypothesis that clinical benefits of SES treatment were independent of gender in this setting.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 2042 patients with STEMI undergoing SES-based primary PCI were prospectively enrolled into Shanghai Acute Coronary Event (SACE) registry (1574 men and 468 women). Baseline demographics, angiographic and PCI features, and in-hospital and 30-day major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were analyzed as a function of gender.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with men, women were older and more frequently had hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. Use of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor (GPI, 65.5% vs. 62.2%, P = 0.10) and procedural success rate (95.0% vs. 94.2%, P = 0.52) were similar in both genders. In-hospital death and MACE occurred in 3.8% and 7.6%, and 4.5% and 8.1% in the male and female patients, respectively (all P > 0.05). At 30-day follow-up, survival (94.3% vs. 93.8%, P = 0.66) and MACE-free survival (90.2% vs. 89.3%, P = 0.52) did not significantly differ between men and women. After adjustment for differences in patient demographics, angiographic and procedural features, there were no significant difference in either in-hospital (OR = 0.77, 95%CI of 0.48 to 1.22, P = 0.30) or 30-day mortality (OR = 1.28, 95%CI of 0.73 to 2.23, P = 0.38) between women and men.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Despite more advanced age and clustering of risk factors in women, female patients with STEMI treated by SES-based primary PCI had similar in-hospital and short-term clinical outcomes as their male counterparts.</p>
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Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Therapeutic Uses , China , Drug-Eluting Stents , Myocardial Infarction , Mortality , Therapeutics , Prospective Studies , Registries , Sex Factors , Sirolimus , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo assess the effects of rehmannia and storesin on minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE) in rat model.MethodsMHE rat model was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intragastric administration. The effects of rehmannia and storesin on spontaneous movement and learning and memory function of model animals were evaluated with open field test and Morris water maze in 3 dose groups. Lactulose was used in the positive group.ResultsThe spontaneous movement and the spatial learning and memory ability of the model rats both improved significantly in the high dose group. Meanwhile, the serum level of alanine transarninase(ALT) and ammonia(Amm) also decreased in the high dose group.ConclusionRehmannia and storesin has therapeutical effect on MHE rat model.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Current guidelines support primary percutaneous coronary intervention (primary PCI) as the first treatment of choice (as opposed to thrombolytic therapy) for patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) especially when delivered within 12 hours of symptom onset. We aimed to evaluate the impact of different clinical pathways on reduction of reperfusion delay and subsequent improvement in outcomes in patients with STEMI.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From November 2005 to November 2007, 546 consecutive patients with definite STEMI, who upon arrival at the emergency room were triaged to undergo primary PCI, were included. Of them, 271 patients were brought directly to catheterization laboratory (rapid group), and 275 patients were admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) or cardiac ward first, and then transferred to the catheterization laboratory (non-rapid group). Primary endpoint was door-to-balloon (D2B) time, and secondary endpoints included infarct size assessed by peak CK-MB level and rates of major cardiac adverse events (MACE) including death, reinfarction, or target-vessel revascularization during hospitalization and at 30-day clinical follow-up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Baseline clinical characteristics, angiographic features and procedural success rates were comparable between the two groups, except that more patients received glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors before angiography (84.0% and 77.1, P = 0.042) and had TIMI 3 flow in the culprit vessel at initial angiogram (17.1% and 9.2%, P = 0.007) in the non-rapid group. The D2B time was shortened ((108 +/- 44) minutes and (138 +/- 31) minutes, P < 0.0001), and number of patients with D2B time < 90 minutes was greater (22.6% and 10.9%, P < 0.0001) in the rapid group. The advantages associated with rapid intra-hospital transfer were enhanced if the patients presented to the hospital at regular hours. Peak CK-MB level was significantly reduced in the rapid group. In-hospital mortality (4.1% and 5.8%) and cumulative MACE rate (7.0% and 9.8%) did not significantly differ between rapid and non-rapid groups. At 30 days, cumulative death- and MACE-free survival rates were improved in the rapid group (94.5% and 89.5%, P = 0.035; 90.1% and 84.0%, P = 0.034, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Clinical pathway with bypass of CCU/cardiac ward admission was associated with rapid reperfusion, smaller infarct size, and improved short-term survival for patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI. In the future, it is essential to reduce the time delay for patients presenting at off-hours.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Methods , Critical Pathways , Myocardial Infarction , Drug Therapy , Mortality , Pathology , Therapeutics , Prognosis , Survival Analysis , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been identified as the first therapeutic option for patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The strategy of transferring patient to a PCI center was recently recommended for those with acute STEMI who were present to PCI incapable hospitals, which include lack of facilities or experienced operators. In China, some local hospitals have been equipped with PCI facilities, but they have no interventional physicians qualified for performing primary PCI. This study was conducted to assess the feasibility, safety and efficacy of the strategy of transferring physician to a PCI-equipped hospital to perform primary PCI for patients with acute STEMI.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three hundred and thirty-four consecutive STEMI patients with symptom presentation = 12 hours in five local hospitals from November 2005 to November 2007 were randomized to receive primary PCI by either physician transfer (physician transfer group, n=165) or patient transfer (patient transfer group, n=169) strategy. Door-to-balloon time, in-hospital and 30-day major adverse cardiac events (MACE, including death, non-fatal re-infarction, and target vessel revascularization) were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Baseline characteristics between the two groups were comparable. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) 3 flow was revealed in more patients in the physician transfer group at initial angiography (17.6% vs 10.1%, P<0.05). The success rate of primary PCI (96.3% vs 95.4%, P>0.05) and length of hospital stay were similar between the two groups ((15+/-4) days vs (14+/-3) days, P>0.05). In the physician transfer group, door-to-balloon time was significantly shortened ((95+/-20) minutes vs (147+/-29) minutes, P<0.0001) and more patients received primary PCI with door-to-balloon time less than 90 minutes (21.2% vs 7.7%, P<0.001). During hospitalization, MACE occurred in 6.7% and 11.2% of patients in the physician and patient transfer groups, respectively (P=0.14). At 30-day clinical follow-up, the occurrence rates of death, non-fatal re-infarction, and target vessel revascularization (TVR) were 3.6% vs 5.9%, 4.2% vs 8.9%, and 1.2% vs 2.4% in the physician and patient transfer groups, respectively (all P>0.05). The cumulative composite of MACE was significantly reduced (8.9% vs 17.2%, P=0.03) and MACE free survival (91.0% vs 82.9%, P<0.05) was significantly improved in the physician transfer group at 30 days.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The strategy of transferring physician to local hospital to perform primary PCI for patients with acute STEMI is feasible, safe and efficient in reducing the door-to-balloon time and 30-day MACE rate.</p>